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Genes are the coding (just like this website!) that makes up the cells of every living thing. DNA is found in chromosomes, in which there are 23 pairs in each cells except reproductive cells, and chromosomes are found inside the nucleus of cells.

What is DNA and what does it do?

DNA is a set of nucleic acids that are shaped in a double helix. DNA holds all the genetic coding that is needed for cells to develop and reproduce. Each gene in DNA contributes to a certian characteristic of the organism, either being dominant or recessive.

What can people do with genes?

Many scientists and farmers throughout the years have altered genes of many animals to their choosing one way or another. The most easiest way of altering genes (compared to the rest of the options here) is selective breeding. With selective breeding, breeders can choose what genetic traits an animal can have based on their parents. The second (and hardest) way of altering genes is genetic engineering. Genetic engineering is the practice of altering existing DNA into something new, usually by replacing one gene with another. This is the way things like insulin is created.